Close-up of an eye under blue light highlighting corneal surface.

Corneal Ulcer

A corneal ulcer is an open sore on the cornea that may develop as a result of infection, injury, severe dry eye, or contact lens complications. Because the cornea plays an important role in focusing light and protecting the eye, corneal ulcers can become serious quickly if left untreated.

At Trinidad Vision, we provide comprehensive corneal evaluations to help diagnose the cause of your symptoms and recommend treatment designed to protect your vision and long-term eye health.

What Is a Corneal Ulcer?

The cornea is the clear front surface of the eye that helps focus light and protect the structures inside the eye. When the cornea becomes damaged or infected, an ulcer may form on its surface.

Corneal ulcers are often painful and may worsen rapidly without prompt treatment.

Corneal ulcers may develop from:

  • Bacterial infections
  • Viral infections
  • Fungal infections
  • Contact lens complications
  • Eye injuries or scratches
  • Severe dry eye disease
  • Chemical exposure or foreign objects in the eye

Early diagnosis and treatment are important for reducing the risk of scarring and vision loss.

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Common Risk Factors

Several factors may increase the likelihood of developing a corneal ulcer, including:

  • Improper contact lens use
  • Sleeping in contact lenses
  • Poor contact lens hygiene
  • Previous eye injuries
  • Severe dry eye syndrome
  • Exposure to contaminated water while wearing contacts
  • Weakened immune system
  • Chronic eye surface inflammation

Understanding and managing these risk factors may help reduce the likelihood of corneal complications.

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Signs and Symptoms of a Corneal Ulcer

Symptoms of a corneal ulcer can range from mild irritation to severe pain and vision changes. Common symptoms include:

  • Eye redness
  • Moderate to severe eye pain
  • Sensitivity to light
  • Excessive tearing
  • Blurred vision
  • Eye discharge
  • Swelling around the eye
  • White or gray spot on the cornea
  • Sensation of something in the eye

Symptoms should never be ignored, especially if vision changes or pain develop suddenly.

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How Corneal Ulcers Are Diagnosed

Diagnosing a corneal ulcer typically involves a comprehensive eye examination and evaluation of the corneal surface.

Slit Lamp Examination

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A slit lamp microscope allows our team to closely examine the cornea and identify areas of damage or infection.

Fluorescein Dye Testing

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Special dye may be used to highlight ulcers or injuries on the surface of the cornea.

Corneal Cultures

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In some cases, cultures may be performed to identify bacterial, viral, or fungal infections.

Tear Film and Eye Surface Evaluation

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We evaluate the overall health of the eye surface and assess contributing factors such as dry eye disease or contact lens irritation.

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Treatment Options for Corneal Ulcers

Treatment depends on the severity and underlying cause of the ulcer.

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Antibiotic Eye Drops

Bacterial infections are commonly treated with prescription antibiotic eye drops.

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Antiviral or Antifungal Medications

If the ulcer is caused by a viral or fungal infection, specialized medications may be recommended.

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Anti-Inflammatory Medications

Reducing inflammation may help improve comfort and support healing.

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Lubricating Eye Drops

Artificial tears and lubricating medications may help protect the corneal surface during healing.

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Contact Lens Modifications

Patients may need to temporarily discontinue contact lens wear while the cornea heals.

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Advanced Treatment for Severe Ulcers

Severe ulcers or corneal scarring may require additional treatment to help preserve vision.Prompt treatment is important for reducing the risk of permanent corneal damage and vision loss.

When to Schedule an Evaluation

You should schedule an eye evaluation immediately if you experience:

  • Sudden eye pain
  • Redness that does not improve
  • Light sensitivity
  • Eye discharge
  • Blurred vision
  • A white spot on the eye
  • Symptoms after contact lens use

Early treatment can help prevent serious complications and protect long-term vision.

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Dr Jake Trinidad
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Dr. Jake Trinidad

Medical Director & Lead Surgeon
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Why Choose Trinidad Vision

At Trinidad Vision, our team provides comprehensive corneal evaluations and personalized treatment recommendations focused on protecting your comfort, vision, and long-term eye health.

We are committed to helping patients throughout San Antonio receive timely and effective eye care.

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I’ve found the ophthalmologist that I was looking for!!

“This was the most comfortable Dr appointment I’ve ever had..  there was no waiting.. the machines for checking out your eyes were so easy..  and I was so happy to reunite with a first grade student that I had the pleasure of teaching .. Dr. Trinidad!!  What a sweet surprise..
His office has great technicians and the atmosphere was very welcoming !!  I’ve found the ophthalmologist that I was looking for !!"

five stars
Trudy A.
Dr Trinidad  and his staff are a great team.

“They are well organized. Office wait time has been very short, about 5 minutes each time I have visited!  Just had surgery and now I have 20/20 vision. I highly recommend  Dr Trinidad”

five stars
Keelin W.
Dr Trinidad is absolutely the best!

“I’m almost 86 years old been to a lot of ophthalmologists and he is without a doubt the most communicative, caring, brilliant, best kept secret in San Antonio! Highly recommend not doing anybody with him he has it all.”

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Trudy A.
Very compassionate and professional and gave me peace of mind.

"My visit with Dr.Trinidad and his staff was for my annual Diabetic eye exam. It went extremely well, Dr Trinidad's staff made me feel very much at ease. After Dr. Trinidad examined my eye's.He took his time to explain his     findings and scheduled a followup.I would highly recommend Dr. Trinidad. He was very compassionate and professional and gave me peace of mind. Thank you so much to Dr. Trinidad and staff."

five stars
Joseph Luciano
They were helpful and knowledgeable.

"I had an excellent experience with Dr. Trinidad and his medical assistants and other employees... The Dr. and his staff was wonderful, and they were able to diagnose my problems effectively, providing me with the information and advice needed."

five stars
Grant H.
Just had surgery and now I have 20/20 vision

"Dr Trinidad  and his staff are a great team. They are well organized. Office wait time has been very short, about 5 minutes each time I have visited!  Just had surgery and now I have 20/20 vision. I highly recommend  Dr Trinidad"

five stars
Keelin W.
Absolutely the warmest Dr. Visit I had in awhile

"Absolutely the warmest Dr. Visit I had in awhile, the communication how Dr. Trinidad explained everything so detailed was very impressed. Honestly felt like I was talking to a childhood friend 👌. Nicole as a representative at the front was incredibly pleasant. They also had T. Ford, Versace, CHANEL and offer botox (I think)."

five stars
Donivon Y.
Above and beyond

"Everyone had patience, was understanding, and went above and beyond to calm my nerves through out my whole visit. Not only did Dr.Trinidad take his time  to make sure I understood what he was seeing/going on with my eyes but he truly does care and is passionate about his work. I definitely will be making him the person I go to for all my eye visits."

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Kayla W.

Insurance & Financing Options

Eye allergy evaluations and treatments may be partially or fully covered by medical insurance, depending on the severity and underlying cause. At Trinidad Vision, we work with major insurance providers, including VSP and other vision plans, and offer financing options for treatments not covered.

Our team is happy to assist with insurance questions and financing plans so you can access the care you need without financial stress.

Frequently Asked Questions

Are corneal ulcers serious?

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Yes. Corneal ulcers can become serious quickly and may lead to scarring or vision loss if not treated promptly.

Can contact lenses cause corneal ulcers?

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Yes. Improper contact lens wear and poor lens hygiene are common causes of corneal ulcers.

Are corneal ulcers painful?

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Many corneal ulcers cause moderate to severe eye pain, redness, and light sensitivity.

Can a corneal ulcer heal completely?

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Many corneal ulcers heal successfully with prompt treatment, although severe ulcers may sometimes leave scarring.

When should I seek emergency eye care?

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You should seek immediate evaluation if you experience sudden pain, redness, discharge, blurred vision, or worsening symptoms.